This page explains how Jean-Luc Raffaele (USATT# 1173576)'s rating went from 1433 to 1455 at the PPC 2023 Spring Open held on 3 Jun 2023 - 4 Jun 2023. The links below take you to pages that describe various aspects of the rating processor.

The rating processor goes through 4 passes in order. The links take you to pages that provide detailed explanations of the calculations during each of the 4 passes.